Institute of Biomedical Ethics and History of Medicine · University of Zurich
Grüezi! I am Giovanni, a researcher and a storyteller.
I work on applied and empirical ethics, bioethics and some moral philosophy, and I like to mix things up: storytelling into academia, academic knowledge into stories.
Co-director, ITE Lab · Postdoctoral researcher, IBME, University of Zurich · WHO rapporteur on the ethics of infodemic management, 2022–2025
ORCID · Google Scholar · Zenodo · Policy impact · GitHub · LinkedIn

Research
Ethical frameworks for AI and public health say what should be guaranteed, and rarely what counts as having guaranteed it. My research works in that gap: how principles become practice in the institutions that communicate, listen and decide on our behalf, and what the people on the receiving end are owed. It moves between experiments on language models and disinformation, studies of patients’ and citizens’ values, and the normative work of turning those findings into criteria that can be checked.
- AI and informationDisinformation, bias in language models, infodemics and social listening.
- Public health ethicsCrisis communication, public preferences and fair decisions in health.
- Patient experiencesWhat people living with illness say, read with qualitative and computational methods.
- Science and publishingOpen access, authorship and how research reaches its readers.
- Bioethics and societyDonation, death, religion and the questions bioethics carries into public life.
Working on
At the Institute of Biomedical Ethics and History of Medicine, in the ITE Lab, which I co-direct, and in the DEH Lab.
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DEH Lab
ETHOSEvidence for Trust, Health, and Open Systems
A living scoping review of how democratic principles are conceptualised and implemented in health governance.
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ITE Lab
Confident ConfabulationHow Google AI Overviews hallucinate
140 Google AI Overviews elicited by fabricated entities, coded to describe how generative search fabricates.
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ITE Lab
Who Coded This?An AI coding Turing test
Can qualitative researchers tell the codes a language model assigns from the codes a person assigns?
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ITE Lab
TERATranslating Ethics into Regulatory Action
The TERA Project explores the critical interface between ethics and policy-making, focusing on how structured ethical work—such as frameworks, theories, and principles—can be effectively translated into actionable governance practices. With…
Selected publications
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2026
The ethical risks of open-access agreements being used for authorship leverage
Spitale G., Germani F., Biller-Andorno N. (2026) Nature 651(8105):550 10.1038/d41586-026-00776-6
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AI in Science: The 42 problem in AI-assisted research
Spitale G., Germani F. (2026) eLife Sciences 15:e113137 10.7554/eLife.113137
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The making of digital ghosts: designing ethical AI afterlives
Spitale G., Germani F. (2026) Ethics and Information Technology 28(3) 10.1007/s10676-026-09910-4
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2025
Source framing triggers systematic bias in large language models
Germani F., Spitale G. (2025) Science Advances 11(45) 10.1126/sciadv.adz2924
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2023
AI model GPT-3 (dis)informs us better than humans
Spitale G., Biller-Andorno N., Germani F. (2023) Science Advances 9(26) 10.1126/sciadv.adh1850
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The PHERCC Matrix. An Ethical Framework for Planning, Governing, and Evaluating Risk and Crisis Communication in the Context of Public Health Emergencies
Spitale G., Germani F., Biller-Andorno N. (2023) The American Journal of Bioethics 24(4):67-82 10.1080/15265161.2023.2201191
Also here
Podcast and videos on bioethics, in Italian
Songs of Science, an album about what happens when knowledge is ignored
The 500 most used keywords of ethics on PubMed, mapped
A collaboration, a media request or a talk?
Research partnerships, advisory work, interviews and talks on AI, misinformation and bioethics.